Source: GEVO, INC. submitted to
CELLULOSIC ISOBUTANOL FERMENTATION BIOCATALYST
Sponsoring Institution
National Institute of Food and Agriculture
Project Status
TERMINATED
Funding Source
Reporting Frequency
Annual
Accession No.
0220375
Grant No.
2009-10006-05919
Project No.
COLW-2009-04721
Proposal No.
2009-04721
Multistate No.
(N/A)
Program Code
BRDI
Project Start Date
Sep 1, 2009
Project End Date
Aug 31, 2013
Grant Year
2009
Project Director
Asleson, C.
Recipient Organization
GEVO, INC.
345 INVERNESS DR. S., BLDG C, STE 310
ENGLEWOOD,CO 80111
Performing Department
(N/A)
Non Technical Summary
Increasing utilization of renewable feedstocks such as cellulosic biomass to produce transportation fuels and industrial chemicals will be a significant factor in efforts to reduce the world?s consumption of non-renewable oil. Gevo is proposing to develop a novel process to efficiently produce isobutanol from cellulosic biomass feedstocks. The hydrocarbon fuels and chemicals produced from isobutanol are exact replacements of petrochemicals. Fuels made from isobutanol will fit exactly into existing production, storage, and distribution infrastructure maximizing the environmental benefits and reducing costs to refiners. These attributes make isobutanol a highly advantageous biofuel. Isobutanol offers the additional advantage of product diversification since it can be used as a second generation biofuel or biofuel additive, it can be converted into hydrocarbons, or it can be used as a chemical precursor for numerous high-value products such as isobutylene and PET used in the plastics industry. Gevo, Inc. has developed transformational technologies for the industrial-scale production of isobutanol and hydrocarbons by developing the isobutanol biocatalysts, the fermentation and recovery process (Gevo Integrated Fermentation Technology, GIFT{TM}) and the process to convert isobutanol into hydrocarbons. Cargill, Inc., with support from DOE, has developed and is currently refining a novel yeast biocatalyst capable of efficiently and rapidly transforming the sugars found in cellulosic biomass into useful chemicals. This collaborative project offers the convergence of these two second-generation biofuel technologies: (1) the Cargill proprietary yeast strain?s ability to successfully ferment both hexose and pentose sugars from biomass hydrolysate and (2) Gevo?s homofermentative isobutanol pathway. Successful fusion of these two technologies will provide a means to produce isobutanol from cellulosic biomass feedstocks, and thereby contribute to improving the environmental impact of fuel and chemical industries.
Animal Health Component
(N/A)
Research Effort Categories
Basic
(N/A)
Applied
100%
Developmental
(N/A)
Classification

Knowledge Area (KA)Subject of Investigation (SOI)Field of Science (FOS)Percent
5114020100010%
5114020104080%
5114020108010%
Goals / Objectives
Goal/Objective: To develop a yeast fermentation organism that can cost-effectively convert cellulosic-derived sugars into isobutanol, a second generation biofuel/biobased product. Expected Outputs (1) a yeast strain that contains two second generation biofuel technologies: the ability to utilize biomass-derived sugars and to convert these sugars into the fungible biofuel isobutanol, (2) fermentation methods to cost-effectively cultivate this yeast strain, and (3) patent applications that cover both the yeast strain and the fermentation methods to use this yeast strain.
Project Methods
The genes for the Gevo isobutanol metabolic pathway will be constructed to enable expression of this pathway in the Cargill hydrolysate-tolerant, mixed-sugar utilizing yeast. To determine if the genes are functional in the Cargill yeast, the strain will be tested for gene expression as well as enzyme activities after each modification. Any pathway bottlenecks identified will be addressed by adding additional gene copies or integrating alternative gene homologs which demonstrate improved enzymatic and product formation performance in the Cargill yeast. Fermentation process optimization will occur concurrently with strain engineering. Strain and fermentation conditions will be assessed by their ability to consume both hexose and pentose sugars and to produce isobutanol at high yield. The final goal is a strain and fermentation conditions that will enable hydrolysate-derived sugars to be converted into isobutanol at high yield.

Progress 09/01/09 to 08/31/13

Outputs
Target Audience: Nothing Reported Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided? Nothing Reported How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest? Nothing Reported What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals? Nothing Reported

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? Our project plan was to combine two advanced technologies into a single fermentation organism: Cargill's patented xylose-converting technology and Gevo's patented isobutanol pathway into yeast. In our final year, we continued to improve the GC4 strain which achieved Milestone 3 (MS) in the previous year using the iterative processes outlined in Tasks 2.3 and 2.4. Work on Task 3.1 [fermentation process optimization] and Task 3.2 [analysis of performance on mixed sugars] provided additional insights into pathway limitations in the GC4-derived strains which fed back into Tasks 2.3 and 2.4. While the final strains performance fell short of our yield targets (40% of MS4 and 59% of MS5), the by-product profiles from these experiments provided solid targets for genetic engineering.

Publications


    Progress 09/01/11 to 08/31/12

    Outputs
    OUTPUTS: Our project plan is to combine two advanced technologies into a single fermentation organism: Cargill's patented xylose-converting technology and Gevo's patented isobutanol pathway into yeast. Work during the past year has focused primarily on the iterative process of Task 2.3 and 2.4 from our Statement of Work (SOW_v. 2). Observations and learnings made in Task 2.3 [the identification of pathway bottlenecks] guided further round of strain improvements in Task 2.4. PARTICIPANTS: Gevo: (1)Catherine Asleson, Ph.D., P.I. (2) Aristos Aristidou, Ph.D., Co-P.I. (3) Peter Meinhold, Ph.D., Project Manager (4) Stephanie Porter, Ph.D., Molecular Biologist (5) Lynne Albert, Ph.D., Molecular Biologist (6) Julie Kelly Jochems, Molecular Biologist (7) Mike Chen, Ph.D., Biochemist (8) Jeanne Bennoit, Ph.D., Biochemist (9) Steve McBryant, Ph.D., Biochemist (10) Julie Fernandez, Biochemist (11) Frank Conrad, Biochemist(12) Angela Reynolds, Biochemist (13) Jason Epps, Analytical Chemist (14) Rachel Fiala, Analytical Chemist (15) Kevin Thompson, Analytical Chemist (16) Agnes Chen, Lab Support (17) Jenifer Meinholz, Lab Support; Cargill(1) Pirkko Suominen, Ph.D., Co-P.I. (2) Tom McMullin, Ph.D., Co-P.I. (3) Chris Miller, Cargill, Molecular Biologist (4) Briana Kozlowicz, Ph.D., Molecular Biologist TARGET AUDIENCES: Not relevant to this project. PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: A no-cost extension through August 31, 2013 was approved in July 2012.

    Impacts
    This process has resulted in a strain which allowed us to achieve Milestone 3 (MS3). In addition, the MS3 strain has allowed us to begin work Task 3.1 [fermentation process optimization] and Task 3.2 [analysis of performance on mixed sugars]. These fermentation results have also provided us valuable information for additional strain engineering improvement targets. Work from Tasks 2.3 and 2.4 contributed to a total of one additional patent application that was submitted to iEdison (9999264-12-0001).

    Publications

    • iEdison Submission 9999264-12-0001 2012


    Progress 09/01/10 to 08/31/11

    Outputs
    OUTPUTS: Our project plan is to combine two advanced technologies into a single fermentation organism: Cargill's patented xylose-converting technology and Gevo's patented isobutanol pathway into yeast. During the past year, we completed work on Task 1.1. We implemented the genetic changes identified in Task 1.1 into our current best strain lineage as specified in Task 2.5. Work from these tasks contributed to a total of nine patent applications. These nine applications were submitted to iEdison: (1) 9999264-10-0005, (2) 9999264-10-0006, (3) 9999264-10-0007, (4) 9999264-10-0008, (5) 9999264-10-0009, (6) 9999264-11-0001 and (7) 9999264-10-0002 (8) 9999264-10-0003 and (9) 9999264-10-0004. Progress on Task 2.3 allowed us to generate a strain which achieved Milestone 2 (MS2). Research continues on Task 2.3 and Task 2.4 to further improve the strains. The progress on Tasks 2.3 and 2.4 contributed to five additional patent applications which were submitted via iEdison: (1) 9999264-11-0002, (2) 9999264-11-0003, (3) 9999264-11-0005, (4) 9999264-11-0006, and (5) 9999264-11-0007. PARTICIPANTS: (1) Catherine Asleson, Ph.D., Gevo, P.I; (2)Aristos Aristidou, Ph.D., Gevo, Co-P.I; (3) Stephanie Porter, Ph.D., Gevo, Project Manager; (4) Julie Kelly, Gevo, Molecular Biologist; (5) Thomas Buelter, Gevo, Biochemist; (6)Melissa Madison, Gevo, Biochemist; (7) Steven McBryant, Ph.D., Gevo, Biochemist; (8) Vaka Reddy, Ph.D., Gevo, Biochemist; (9) Thomas Taylor, Gevo, Chemist; (10) Peter Meinhold, Ph.D., Gevo, Biochemist; (11) Piruz Nahreini, Ph.D., Gevo, Molecular Biologist (12) Lynne Albert, Ph.D., Gevo, Microbiologist; (13) Justas Jancauskas, Ph.D., Gevo, Microbiologist: (14) Karl Andreasen, Gevo, Molecular Biologist; (15) Jason Epps, Gevo, Analytical Chemist ; (16) Rachel Fiala, Gevo, Analytical Chemist ; (17) Kevin Thompson, Gevo, Analytical Chemist; (18) Agnes Chen, Gevo, Lab Support (19) Jennifer Meinholz, Gevo, Lab Support; (20) Jun Urano, Gevo, Molecular Biologist; (21)Pirkko Suominen, Cargill, Co-P.I.; (22) Tom McMullin, Cargill, Co-P.I.; (23) Chris Miller, Cargill, Molecular Biologist; (24) Briana Kozlowicz, Ph.D., Molecular Biologist; (25) Brian Rush, M.S., Cargill, Physiologist; (26) Wendy Christensen, Cargill, Analytical Chemist; (27) Sherry Gwegorryn, Cargill, Analytical Chemist; (28) Eric Hall, Cargill, Analytical Chemist; (29) Katie Miller, Cargill, Analytical Chemist; (30) Chin Nguyen, Cargill, Analytical Chemist. TARGET AUDIENCES: Not relevant to this project. PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: A no-cost extension through August, 31, 2012 was approved in April 2011.

    Impacts
    Work from this project has contributed to 14 US Patent Applications and has achieved Milestone 2.

    Publications

    • 9999264-10-0002 2010
    • 9999264-10-0003 2010
    • 9999264-10-0004 2010
    • 9999264-10-0005 2010
    • 9999264-10-0006 2010
    • 9999264-10-0007 2010
    • 9999264-10-0008 2010
    • 9999264-10-0009 2010
    • 9999264-11-0001 2011
    • 9999264-11-0002 2011
    • 9999264-11-0003 2011
    • 9999264-11-0005 2011
    • 9999264-11-0006 2011
    • 9999264-11-0007 2011


    Progress 09/01/09 to 08/31/10

    Outputs
    OUTPUTS: Our project plan is to combine two advanced technologies into a single fermentation organism: Cargill's patented xylose-converting technology and Gevo's patented isobutanol pathway into yeast. The kick-off for the laboratory-based research outlined in this project plan began January 2, 2010. For these three quarters (January 1st through September 30th), the scientists at both Gevo, Inc. and Cargill, Inc. executed the tasks described in the project outline as Tasks 1.1, 2.1 and 2.2. The project is progressing on-schedule. To efficiently convert an ethanol-producing yeast into an isobutanol-producing yeast, we have utilized a strategy of simultaneously integrating isobutanol pathway genes while deleting a native gene necessary for ethanol production (PDC, pyruvate decarboxylase). DNA constructs were engineered that contained two of the five pathway enzymes. In addition, these DNA constructs contain homology to the native PDC locus. By containing this homology, transformation with this DNA construct resulted in the simultaneous integration of the isobutanol pathway genes into the genome and the deletion of the PDC open-reading frame. As expected, the deletion of the PDC open-reading frame resulted in a strain that could not produce ethanol via fermentation. Next the remaining three pathway genes were integrated into the genome of the PDC deletion strain. DNA constructs were built that contained three genes which encoded the remaining three pathway enzymes. Again the genes were flanked by DNA sequences that resulted in simultaneous integration of pathway genes and deletion of a native gene of interest. Once the strain contained all five of the pathway genes, it was characterized in detail to evaluate isobutanol production. PARTICIPANTS: 1) Catherine Asleson, Ph.D., Gevo, P.I 2) Arisots Aristidou, Ph.D., Gevo, Co-P.I 3) Stephanie Porter, Ph.D., Gevo, Project Manager 4) Cory Zoetwey, Gevo, Molecular Biologist 5) Michelle Williams, Gevo, Molecular Biologist 6) Lynne Albert, Gevo, Molecular Biologist 7) Julie Kelly, Gevo, Molecular Biologist 8) Karl Andreasen,Gevo, Biochemist 9) Sarah Hawkins, Gevo, Biochemist 10) Jason Epps, Gevo, Analytical Chemist 11) Rachel Fiala, Gevo, Analytical Chemist 12) Michelle Young, Gevo, Molecular Biologist 13) Agnes Chen, Gevo, Lab Support 14) Jenifer Meinholz, Gevo, Lab Support 15) Jun Urano, Gevo, Molecular Biologist 15) Pirkko Suominen, Cargill, Co-P.I. 16) Tom McMullin, Cargill, Co-P.I. 17) Chris Miller, Cargill, Molecular Biologist 18) Briana Kozlowicz, Ph.D., Molecular Biologist TARGET AUDIENCES: Not relevant to this project. PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: The only major change to this project is that the laboratory-based work began on January 2, 2010 vs. the grant start date of September 1, 2009.

    Impacts
    We have combined the five Gevo's patented isobutanol pathway genes and Cargill's patented xylose-converting technology into yeast.

    Publications

    • (2010) Provisional Patent Application