Source: SOUTH DAKOTA STATE UNIVERSITY submitted to
PEDOLOGY INFORMATION FOR SD RESOURCE MANAGEMENT AND ENVIRONMENTAL DECISIONS
Sponsoring Institution
National Institute of Food and Agriculture
Project Status
TERMINATED
Funding Source
HATCH
Reporting Frequency
Annual
Accession No.
0226430
Grant No.
(N/A)
Project No.
SD00H399-11
Proposal No.
(N/A)
Multistate No.
(N/A)
Program Code
(N/A)
Project Start Date
Oct 1, 2011
Project End Date
Sep 30, 2016
Grant Year
(N/A)
Project Director
Malo, D. D.
Recipient Organization
SOUTH DAKOTA STATE UNIVERSITY
PO BOX 2275A
BROOKINGS,SD 57007
Performing Department
Plant Science
Non Technical Summary
Soil productivity rating systems for geographic regions of South Dakota will be updated and evaluated. Maps, reports, tables, and a WEB site of soils information needed by various users will be created. Detailed chemical and physical investigation of major/benchmark soils in southeastern and northeastern SD will make soil surveys and soil interpretations more meaningful and useful for land use decisions and aid in rural and economic development. Site-specific management (e.g. precision farming) requires detailed information on soil resources and soil variability and this project will provide that information. The long-term impact of cultivation, biochar additions, grass vegetation, and the environment on selected soil properties (e.g. C sequestration, soil quality, and others) will be examined. This project makes detailed soil survey information more accessible and usable, allowing other agronomic, natural resource, and environmental research to be extended and used.
Animal Health Component
(N/A)
Research Effort Categories
Basic
35%
Applied
45%
Developmental
20%
Classification

Knowledge Area (KA)Subject of Investigation (SOI)Field of Science (FOS)Percent
10101102061100%
Knowledge Area
101 - Appraisal of Soil Resources;

Subject Of Investigation
0110 - Soil;

Field Of Science
2061 - Pedology;
Goals / Objectives
1. Transfer and translate historical hard copy field and laboratory soil characterization data from SD that is appropriate for national (NRCS) electronic systems. 2. Investigate and evaluate site-specific management impacts (identification of soil factors causing plant stress, estimating yield potentials, soil quality changes, and C sequestration) on South Dakota soils. 3. Develop soil productivity ratings (using crop, range, and timber yield information) for SD counties and for the state using NRCS and SDSU data. 4. Study and determine the pedologic relationships of environmental stresses on soils and soil properties to meet user needs.
Project Methods
Objective 1 - Basic benchmark soil characterization data (research, NRCS, and others) gathered in previous projects will be transferred to electronic media and made available to cooperating agencies and other research projects. The types of information, maps, and computer files which could be generated include: soil maps; pH maps; soil chemical and physical properties maps; soil suitability for plants; crop/range/pasture yields; building site suitability maps/or tables; aquifer vulnerability maps; soil suitability for sanitary facilities; and many other potential recreational, agricultural, environmental, and engineering uses. Technical bulletins describing benchmark/important SD soils will be prepared. Objective 2 - Biochar will be characterized and the impact of biochar on soil chemical (pH, CEC, EC, plant available nutrients, soil C) and physical properties (aggregate stability, bulk density, water storage), quality, and soil productivity will be measured in conjunction with a USDA-NIFA grant (Optimization of Pyrolytic Bio-oil Production to Maximize Biochar Utility Using Selected Biomass Feedstocks, 2011). Results of this part of the project will provide useful information to farmers, bioenergy managers/producers, NRCS staff, financial personnel, natural resource managers, government officials, policy makers, and researchers. Resarch results will published and available in journal articles, technical bulletins, and on-line. Objective 3 - Develop soil productivity ratings (using crop, range, and timber yield information, and soils information) for all SD counties and for the state using NRCS and SDSU data. The results of this part of the project will provide useful information to farmers, NRCS staff, financial personnel, natural resource managers, USFS staff, BLM staff, BIA staff, government officials, policy makers, county assessors, SD Department of Revenue officials, realtors, ag lenders, appraisers, and researchers. Soil productivity data for selected Major Land Resource Areas (MLRAs) will be developed as identified by users. Technical bulletins and journal articles describing crop and range yields and basic soils information for counties, MLRAs, and for the entire state will be prepared and made available on-line. Objective 4 - a) Continuing projects to complete - long-term impact of management on soil quality and C sequestration in east central SD, long-term impact of grazing on soil properties/quality, and impact of cultivation on soils in western SD, and wildlife habitat in Kealia Pond National Wildlife Refuge in HA. b) Soil test results from 1950's will be compared to recent test results. Soil phosphorus, potassium, organic matter, and pH will be studied in relation to soil forming factors, soil classification, and selected soil properties. Journal articles, technical bulletins, and web information will be used to disseminate results.

Progress 10/01/11 to 09/30/16

Outputs
Target Audience:This project provides technical assistance to the cooperative soil survey program in South Dakota and region. Research results from this project are improving the quality and quantity of soil mapping and soil interpretations for management and sustainability of the soil resources. Users of soils information utilize research results from this project to make sustainable and environmentally sound soil and resource utilization decisions. The results of this project were prepared for producers and ranchers of South Dakota and North Dakota, government officials, USDA-NRCS staff, students, NCERA-3 committee members, natural resource managers, and soil scientists. Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Four graduate and two undergraduate students were trained on this project. Students presented their work at national meetings, state professional societies, at SDSU seminars, and at 4 farmer/rancher field days held in various SD locations. Rachel Owen, MS student, 2011-2014 (MS received 2014). 49% graduate research assistantship. Completed MS degree on saline and sodic soil genesis in northcentral SD soils. Received laboratory and field training andpresented her work at national meetings, state professional societies, SDSU seminars, and at farmer/rancher field days. Manuscripts are being prepared Girma Birru, PhD student, 2012-2016 (PhD received 2016). 49% graduate research assistantship. Completed dissertation on saline and sodic soil management and genesis in central SD soils. Received laboratory and field training andpresented his work at national meetings, state professional societies, SDSU seminars, and at farmer/rancher field days. He is preparing manuscripts for publication. Shaina Westhoff, MS student, 2016-present. 49% graduate research assistantship. Working on C sequestration, soil genesis, and soil productivity ratings. Muhammed Koparan, MS student, 2016 - present. 100% research from government of Turkey. Working on application of remote sensing and global information systems to manage and identify saline and sodic soils. Douglas Fiedler, BS student, 2015-2016. Worked on precision ag project on his home farm. He published and presented his research findings at the SDSU undergraduate research day (2016). Logan Zeisler, BS student, 2016-present. Working on evaluating the soil productivity rating system for SD forested soils in the Black Hills and comparing the soil productivity rating system with economic valuing systems. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Results were published in refereed journals, three chapters in best management manual for corn, a major SD crop, and presented (orally and in poster form) at national and international professional meetings and at regional NCERA-3 meetings. Project results were published in two books used for soils classes. Research results were presented at field days to producers, landuse managers, USDA-NRCS staff, Extension staff, industry reps, and the public. Class PowerPoints were updated to include data obtained new information. Soil productivity data was distributed to NRCS and other users through presentations and class presentations. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals? Nothing Reported

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? Goal 1: Transfer and translate historical hard copy SD soil field and laboratory data into electronic format for national (NRCS) electronic format (100% complete). During this project all 10,000+ soil descriptions and lab data were converted from hardcopy to searchable, electronic pdf files. Electronic versions of the data were added to the NRCS and SDSU data files. This work was done in cooperation with the NRCS. Since the start of this project in 2011 this project has assisted the USDA-NRCS with the SD Cooperative Soil Survey in updating SD soil surveys by characterizing more than 1500 different soil samples for NRCS and SDSU research projects. Information was used to update and modify state and federal soil databases and to assist ongoing Major Land Resource Area (MLRA) soil survey updates. Goal 2: Investigate and evaluate site-specific management impacts (identification if soil factors causing plant stress, estimating yield potentials, soil quality changes, and C sequestration) on South Dakota soils (100% complete). Finished two major projects on soil salinity and drainage in north central SD and the use of biochar on vulnerable soils. More than 2000 soil samples were analyzed for pH, SAR, EC, and gypsum. One MS thesis and one PhD dissertation were completed for the salinity study. In addition, 7 refereed publications and 30 professional presentations at national and international meetings were completed based on the results of the biochar and salinity projects. The impact of permanent vegetation, drainage, and soil amendments on soil health and salinity were assessed so determine high risk areas. The impacts of biochar additions on soil quality, nutrient availability, and agrichemical sorption were published. Goal 3: Develop soil productivity ratings (using crop, range, and timber yield information) for SD counties and the state using NRCS and SDSU data (65% complete). Soil productivity ratings and estimated crop yields for soil mapping units for the state of SD and individual counties are continuing to be updated in cooperation with the USDA-NRCS and the SDSU Economics Department. New methodology developed in this project will be tested in a new project and publications and an online system (iGrow) will be prepared in the new project. These ratings and yields are used by the SD Department of Revenue, appraisers, farmers, bankers, ranchers, and natural resource managers. Updated palatability index values for plants found in SD rangelands used in soil productivity rating calculations was completed in this project. A methodology to relate soils suited for timber to the soil productivity ratings developed for range and for cropland developed in this study will be evaluated in the new project. Completed and tested methodology to calculate forage productivity values for every ecological site found in each county based on plant species (450+) palatability index values and percent composition. The ratings and yield estimates developed by this project are used by the SD Department of Revenue, county assessors, appraisers, farmers, ranchers, bankers, and natural resource managers. Goal 4: Study and determine the pedologic relationships of environmental stresses on soils and soil properties to meet user needs (100% complete). Published 5 book chapters dealing with the use of soil survey information for management decisions (for corn, soybeans, and wheat) and in relation to soil formation and development. Revised, updated, and published 3 different editions of a soils textbook and 4 editions of a soils lab manual used for collegiate instruction. Continued revision of the soil classification key for SD soils and developing a template for a series of benchmark soils publications for NCERA-3. Published a technical report on soil findings for the SD Game Fish and Parks Department by analyzing soils for prehistoric Native American impacts at a proposed park building site near Sioux Falls, SD. Discussed and demonstrated saline and sodic soil genesis and management to more than 500 farmers and land managers at 5 field days during this project.

Publications

  • Type: Book Chapters Status: Published Year Published: 2016 Citation: Carlson, C.G., D.E. Clay, D.D. Malo, C. L. Reese, R. Kerns, T. Kharel, G. Birru, and T. DeSutter. 2016. Chapter 32. The Management and Identification of Saline and Sodic Soils in the Northern Great Plains. In Clay, D.E., C. G. Carlson, S.A. Clay, and E. Byamukama. iGrow Corn: Best Management Practices. South Dakota State University, College of Agriculture and Biological Sciences. Available at http://igrow.org/up/resources/03-5000-2016-32.pdf, verified Dec 2016.
  • Type: Books Status: Published Year Published: 2016 Citation: Malo, D.D. 2016. Introductory Soils. 16th Edition. Agronomy, Horticulture, and Plant Science Department, College of Agriculture and Biological Sciences, South Dakota State University. Brookings. 57007-2141. 346 p.
  • Type: Books Status: Published Year Published: 2016 Citation: Reese, C.L., D.D. Malo, and Clay, D.E. 2016. Soils Laboratory Manual. 51st Edition. Agronomy, Horticulture, and Plant Sci. Dept. SDSU. Brookings 57007-2141. 314 p.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2016 Citation: Fiedler, D.J., C.L. Reese, and D.D. Malo. 2016. Variability of Soil Nutrients and Properties in Selected Parts of Stearns County, MN. Soil Science Honors Research Paper. Honors College, SDSU. March 2016.
  • Type: Theses/Dissertations Status: Published Year Published: 2016 Citation: Birru, G. A. 2016. Spatial Variability Analysis and Reclamation of Saline-Sodic Soils in the Northern Great Plains. PhD Dissertation. Agronomy, Horticulture, and Plant Science Department. South Dakota State University. Brookings. 57007.


Progress 10/01/14 to 09/30/15

Outputs
Target Audience:This project provides technical assistance to the cooperative soil survey program in SD and region. Research results from this project are improving the quality and quantity of soil mapping and soil interpretations for management and sustainability of the soil resources. Users of soils information utilize research results from this project to make sustainable and environmentally sound soil and resource utilization decisions. The results of this project were prepared for producers and ranchers of South Dakota and North Dakota, government officials, NRCS staff, students, NCERA-3 committee members, natural resource managers, and soil scientists. Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Two graduate students were trained with this project. One student started a new MS program this year. Another graduate student continues work on his PhD degree. Both students received training both in the laboratory and in the field. One undergraduate student started work on a precision ag project on soil management on his home farm. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Results were published in refereed journals, best management manuals for major SD crops,and presented (orally and in poster form) at national and international professional meetings and at regional NCERA-3 meetings. Project results were published in two books used for soils classes. Class PowerPoints were updated to include data obtained new information. Soil prouctivity data was distributed to NRCS and other users through presentations and class presentations. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?Soil productivity ratingsfor SD soils using range, crop, and timber information will be revised, updated, and published for SD producers, NRCS staff, state government officials, natural resource managers, university researchers, and students. Results of soil salinity research will be published and cover crop impacts on soil quality will be published and completed.Develop new curriculum for precision agriculture majors as part of national USDA grant.

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? During 2015 this project assisted the USDA-NRCS with the SD Cooperative Soil Survey in updating SD soil surveys. More than 150 different soil samples were characterized for NRCS and SDSU research projects. Information was used to update and modify state and federal soil databases and to assist ongoing Major Land resource Area (MLRA) soil survey updates. Data mining of soil characterization and laboratory data from theses, dissertations, research reports, published papers, and unpublished research files is continuing in cooperation with the USDA-NRCS. Continued a project on soil salinity and drainage in north central SD. More than 800 soil samples were taken and detailed chemical analyses for pH, SAR, EC, and gypsum were completed. A new MS thesis was initiated and papers from a recently completed MS are being prepared. The impact of permanent vegetation, drainage, and soil amendments on soil health and salinity are being assessed so determine high risk areas. Soil productivity ratings and estimated crop yields for soil mapping units for the state of SD and individual counties are being updated in cooperation with the USDA-NRCS and publications are being prepared. These ratings and yields are used by the SD Department of Revenue, appraisers, farmers, bankers, ranchers, and natural resource managers. Updated palatability index values for plants found in SD rangelands used in soil productivity rating calculations. Developing a methodology to relate soils suited for timber to the soil productivity ratings developed for range and for cropland. Updated methodology to calculate forage productivity values for every ecological site found in each county based on species palatability index values and percent composition. Continued work on impacts of biochar additions on soil quality and nutrient release and sorption with one paper published. Completed work on two chapters demonstrating the use of online soil survey data for corn production. Continued revision of the soil classification key for SD soils and developing a template for a series of benchmark soils publications for NCERA-3. Revised and published the SD Homseite Judging Manual. Assisted the SD Game Fish and Parks Department by analyzing soils for prehistoric Native American impacts at a proposed park building site near Sioux Falls, SD. Discussed and demonstrated saline and sodic soil genesis and management to more than 200 farmers and land managers at 2 field days. A report was prepared. Ten papers were presented at national and international meetings.

Publications

  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2015 Citation: Chintala, R., T. Schumacher, R.H. Gelderman, S. Sandhu, S. Kumar, D.E. Clay and D.D. Malo. 2015. Influence of Biochars on Nutrient Uptake and Yield of Corn and Soybean at Two Different Landscape Positions. Paper 133-8. Poster 521. Synergy in Science: Partnering for Solutions. 2015 Annual Meeting American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, Soil Science Society of America, and Entomological Society of America. Minneapolis, MN. Nov 15-18.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2015 Citation: Kharel, T.P., D.E. Clay, R.K. Owen, T.M. DeSutter, D.D. Malo, C.G. Carlson and C.L. Reese. 2015. Soil Salinity Mapping Using Landsat 8 Images in Northern Great Plains Sodium Affected Soil. Paper 93-7. Synergy in Science: Partnering for Solutions. 2015 Annual Meeting American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, Soil Science Society of America, and Entomological Society of America. Minneapolis, MN. Nov 15-18.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2015 Citation: Owen, R.K., L. Howe, D.D. Malo, C.L. Reese, D.E. Clay and T.M. DeSutter. 2015. Developing Spatial Management Zones for Salt-Affected Soils in South Dakota Using Inherent Soil Properties and Yield History. Paper 68-10. 2015 Annual Meeting American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, Soil Science Society of America, and Entomological Society of America. Minneapolis, MN. Nov 15-18.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2015 Citation: Birru, G., D.D. Malo, D.E. Clay, C.L. Reese, C.G. Carlson, S.A. Clay and T.M. DeSutter. 2015. Spatial Analysis of Soil Salinity and Plant Stress Using Reflectance Measurement in Selected Black Glaciated Plain (MLRA 55C) Soils. Paper 68-13. 2015 Annual Meeting American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, Soil Science Society of America, and Entomological Society of America. Minneapolis, MN. Nov 15-18.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2015 Citation: Chintala, R., D.E. Clay, T.E. Schumacher, S. Kumar, D.D. Malo. Mineralization of Soil Organic Matter in Biochar Amended Agricultural Landscape. American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting, San Francisco, CA. Dec 14-18, 2015.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2015 Citation: Chintala, R., S. Sandhu, T. Schumacher, S. Kumar, J.A. Rice, D.E. Clay and D.D. Malo. 2015. Modification of Surface Functionality of Biochars and Their Impact on Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Eroded Landscape. Paper 190-1. Synergy in Science: Partnering for Solutions. 2015 Annual Meeting American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, Soil Science Society of America, and Entomological Society of America. Minneapolis, MN. Nov 15-18.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2015 Citation: Sandhu, S., S. Kumar, R. Chintala, T.E. Schumacher, D.D. Malo, S.K. Papiernik and D.E. Clay. Impact of Biochar on the Physical Properties of Soil Under Corn-Soybean Rotation. Paper 181-13. Synergy in Science: Partnering for Solutions. 2015 Annual Meeting American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, Soil Science Society of America, and Entomological Society of America. Minneapolis, MN. Nov 15-18.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2015 Citation: Tobin, C., S. Kumar, D.D. Malo, P.J. Sexton, S. Ali and E. Grings. 2015. Impacts of Integrated Crop-Livestock System on Soil Health Parameters. Paper 135-2. Poster 508. Synergy in Science: Partnering for Solutions. 2015 Annual Meeting American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, Soil Science Society of America, and Entomological Society of America. Minneapolis, MN. Nov 15-18.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2015 Citation: Schumacher, T.E., R. Chintala et al. Optimization of Pyrolytic Bio-oil Production to Maximize Biochar Utility Using Selected Biomass Feedstocks. USDA-NIFA AFRI Sustainable Bioenergy Annual Project Director (PD) Meeting, Denver, CO, November 2-5, 2015.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2015 Citation: Chintala, R., R. Gelderman, T.E. Schumacher, D. Malo. 2015. Vegetative Corn (Zea mays L.) Growth and Nutrient Uptake in Biochar Amended Soils from an Eroded Landscape. Proceedings of the Seventh National New Crops Symposium- New Crops: Bioenergy, Biomaterials, and Sustainability. Available at: https://hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/proceedings2015/200-chintala.pdf.
  • Type: Book Chapters Status: Accepted Year Published: 2016 Citation: Malo, D.D. 2015. Online Soil Survey Information: Web Soil Survey. Chapter 16 in iGrow Corn: Best Management Practices for Corn Production. Ed by D.E. Clay, et.al. South Dakota State University, College of Agriculture and Biological Sciences, Box 2208, Brookings, SD 57007 (in press).
  • Type: Book Chapters Status: Accepted Year Published: 2016 Citation: Malo, D.D. 2015. Online Soil Survey Information: SoilWeb application. 2015. Chapter 17 in iGrow Corn: Best Management Practices for Corn Production. Ed by D.E. Clay, et.al. South Dakota State University, College of Agriculture and Biological Sciences, Box 2208, Brookings, SD 57007 (in press).
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2015 Citation: Howe, L.E., D.D. Malo, S.D. Winter, K.E. Cooley, B.O. Kunze, W.J. Bachman, W.T. Schaefer, K.D. Kempton, and D.R. Shurtliff. 2015. Homesite Judging in South Dakota. South Dakota State University, College of agriculture and Biological Sciences, Plant Science Department, Brookings, SD 57007.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2015 Citation: Ibrahim, M.A., A.H. Alhameid, S. Kumar, R. Chintala, P. Sexton, D.D. Malo, and T.E. Schumacher. 2015. Long-Term Tillage and Crop Rotation Impacts on a Northern Great Plains Mollisol. Advances in Crop Science and Technology 2015 3:3 http://dx.doi.org/10.4172/2329-8863.1000178
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2015 Citation: Malo, D.D. 2015. Report of Findings  Good Earth State Park Project. Plant Science Department. SD Agricultural Experiment Station. College of Agriculture and Biological Sciences. South Dakota State University. Brookings, SD 57007.
  • Type: Books Status: Published Year Published: 2015 Citation: Malo, D.D. 2015. Introductory Soils. 15th Edition. Plant Science Department. College of Agriculture and Biological Sciences. South Dakota State University. Brookings, SD 57007. 334 p.
  • Type: Books Status: Published Year Published: 2015 Citation: Reese, C.L., D.D. Malo, and D.E. Clay, 2015. Introductory Soil Science Lab Manual. 49th Edition. Plant Science Department. College of Agriculture and Biological Sciences. South Dakota State University. Brookings. SD 57007.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2015 Citation: Reese, C.L., D.E. Clay, T.M. DeSutter, D.D. Malo and S.A. Clay. 2015. Evaluating Accuracy and Precision of A Hand-Held' Soil Testing Meters As Compared to Traditional Soil Test Methods for Potassium, Calcium, Sodium, Electrical Conductivity, and Soil pH. Paper 354-8. Synergy in Science: Partnering for Solutions. 2015 Annual Meeting American Society of Agronomy, Crop Science Society of America, Soil Science Society of America, and Entomological Society of America. Minneapolis, MN. Nov 15-18.


Progress 10/01/13 to 09/30/14

Outputs
Target Audience: This project provides technical assistance to the cooperative soil survey program in SD and region. Research results from this project are improving the quality and quantity of soil mapping and soil interpretations for management and sustainability of the soil resources. Users of soils information utilize research results from this project to make sustainable and environmentally sound soil and resource utilization decisions. The results of this project were prepared for producers and ranchers of South Dakota and North Dakota,government officials, NRCS staff,students, NCERA-3 committee members,natural resource managers, and soil scientists. Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided? Two graduate students were trained with this project. One student completed her MS degree. Another graduate student continues work on his PhD degree. Both students received training both in the laboratory and in the field.Two undergraduate students completed work on senior projects. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest? Results were published in refereed journals and presented (orally and in poster form)at national and international professional meetings and at regional NCERA-3 meetings. Project results were published in two books used for soils classes. Class PowerPoints were updated to include data obtained new information. Soil prouctivity data was distributed to NRCS and other users through presentations and class presentations. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals? Soil productivity ratings for SD soils using range, crop, and timber information will be revised, updated,and published for SD producers, NRCS staff, state government officials, natural resource managers, university researchers, and students.Results ofsoil salinity research will be published and soil studies at Native American cultural sites located at the Good Earth State Park (near Sioux Falls)will be published and completed.Electronic copies of printed soils data files will be completed in cooperation with the USDA-NRCSand pdf copieswill be made availableto soils data users. Develop new curriculum for precision agriculture majors as part of national USDA grant.

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? During 2014 this project assisted the USDA-NRCS with the SD Cooperative Soil Survey in updating SD soil surveys. More than 100 different soil samples were characterized for NRCS and SDSU research projects. Information was used to update and modify state and federal soil databases and to assist ongoing Major Land resource Area (MLRA) soil survey updates. Data mining of soil characterization and laboratory data from theses, dissertations, research reports, published papers, and unpublished research files is continuing in cooperation with the USDA-NRCS. Continued a project on soil salinity and drainage in north central SD. More than 1500 soil samples were taken and detailed chemical analyses for pH, SAR, EC, and gypsum were completed. A MS thesis was completed and papers are being prepared. The impact of drainage and soil amendments on soil health and salinity are being assessed so determine high risk areas. Soil productivity ratings for soil mapping units for the state of SD and individual counties are being updated in cooperation with the USDA-NRCS and publications are being prepared. These ratings are used by the SD Department of Revenue, appraisers, farmers, bankers, ranchers, and natural resource managers. Updated palatability index values for plants found in SD rangelands used in soil productivity rating calculations. Developing a methodology to relate soils suited for timber to the soil productivity ratings developed for range and for cropland. Updated methodology to calculate forage productivity values for every ecological site found in each county based on species palatability index values and percent composition. Continued work on impacts of biochar additions on soil quality and nutrient release and sorption with two papers published. Continued revision of the soil classification key for SD soils and developing a template for a series of benchmark soils publications for NCERA-3. In cooperation with the USDA-NRCS sampled and analyzed fen soils. Assisted the SD Attorney General's Office in analyzing soils for two homicide cases. Assisted the SD Game Fish and Parks Department by analyzing soils for prehistoric Native American impacts at a proposed park building site near Sioux Falls, SD. Eight papers were presented at national and international meetings.

Publications

  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2014 Citation: Chintala, R., T.E. Schumacher, S. Kumar, D.D. Malo, J. Rice, B. Bleakley, G. Chilom, S. Papiernik, J.L. Julson, D. Clay, and Z.R. Gu. 2014. Molecular characterization of biochar materials and their influence on microbiological properties of soil. Journal of Hazardous Materials 279:244-256.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2014 Citation: Chintala, R., R. K Owen, T. E. Schumacher, K.A. Spokas, L.M. McDonald, D.D Malo, D. E Clay, B. Bleakley. 2014. Denitrification kinetics in biomass and biochar amended soils of different landscape positions. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. DOI: 10.1007/s11356-014-3762-2.
  • Type: Books Status: Published Year Published: 2014 Citation: Malo, D.D. 2014. Introductory Soils. 14th edition. Plant Science Department. College of Agriculture and Biological Sciences. South Dakota State University, Brookings 57007.
  • Type: Books Status: Published Year Published: 2014 Citation: Malo, D.D., Reese, C.L., and Clay, D.E. 2014. Introductory Soil Science Manual. 47th Edition. Plant Science Department, College of Agriculture and Biological Sciences. South Dakota State University, Brookings 57007.
  • Type: Theses/Dissertations Status: Awaiting Publication Year Published: 2015 Citation: Owen, R.K. 2014. Spatial Variability of Saline and Sodic Soils in the Black Glaciated Region of the Northern Great Plains, USA. MS Thesis.
  • Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2014 Citation: Malo, D.D., S. Kumar, and R. Chintala. 2014. Soil Particle Size Analysis Pipette Method. Pedology Report 14-1. Pedology, Soil Chemistry, and Soil Physics Laboratories. Plant Science Department, South Dakota State University. Brookings 57007-2141.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2014 Citation: Birru, G., D.D. Malo, D.E. Clay, C.L. Reese, C.G. Carlson, S.A. Clay, T.M. DeSutter, T.P. Kharel and R.K. Owen. 2014. Reclamation of Sodic Soil and Improving Crop Yield in Northern Great Plains Soils. Paper 447-7. ASA, CSSA, and SSSA International Annual Meeting. Long Beach, CA. Nov 2-5.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2014 Citation: Owen, R.K., T.M. DeSutter, C.L. Reese, D.D. Malo, T.P. Kharel, G. Birru, D.E. Clay, and C.G. Carlson. 2014. Spatial Variability of Saline and Sodic Soils in the Northern Great Plains. Paper 447-4. ASA, CSSA, and SSSA International Annual Meeting. Long Beach, CA. Nov 2-5.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2014 Citation: Kharel, T.P., D.E. Clay, T.M. DeSutter, D.D. Malo, C.G. Carlson, and C.L. Reese. 2014. Chemical Amendments for Sodium Leaching in Saline-Sodic Soil. Paper 447-8. ASA, CSSA, and SSSA International Annual Meeting. Long Beach, CA. Nov 2-5.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2014 Citation: Wysocki, D.A., L. Howe, D.D. Malo, Z. Libohova, and M. Whited. 2014. Arsenic Content and Geochemistry of Carbonate-Rich Fens: Source or Sink? Paper 180-9. ASA, CSSA, and SSSA International Annual Meeting. Long Beach, CA. Nov 2-5.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2014 Citation: Chintala, R., R.Owen, S. Kumar, T.E. Schumacher, D. Malo. 2014. Biochar impacts on denitrification under different soil water contents. World Congress symposium 2: Biochar Soil Amendment for Environmental and Agronomic Benefits. Proceedings of the 20th WCSS (www.20wcss.org), Abstract Online Access System, June 8 to 13, Jeju, Korea.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Awaiting Publication Year Published: 2015 Citation: Chintala, R., R. Gelderman, T.E. Schumacher, D. Malo. 2014. Vegetative corn (Zea mays L.) growth and nutrient uptake in biochar amended soils from an eroded landscape. Proceedings of the Seventh National New Crops Symposium- New Crops: Bioenergy, Biomaterials, and Sustainability (in press). Available at: http://www.hort.purdue.edu/newcrops/default.html.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2014 Citation: Chintala, R., T.E. Schumacher, S. Kumar, D. Clay, D.D. Malo. 2014. Influence of biochar on C and N transformation in soil and their impact on greenhouse gas emissions. American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting, San Francisco, CA. Dec 15-19.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2014 Citation: Chintala, R., T.E. Schumacher, S. Kumar, D. Clay, D. Malo. 2014. Biochemical soil health indicators and turnover of carbon and nitrogen in biochar amended soils. Paper 141-3. ASA-CSSA-SSSA International Annual Meeting at Long Beach, CA. Nov 2-5.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2014 Citation: Chintala, R., T.E. Schumacher, S. Kumar, D. Clay, D. Malo. 2014. Assessment of carbon and nitrogen budgets for biochar amended soils under corn-soybean rotation. Paper 99-19. ASA-CSSA-SSSA International Annual Meeting at Long Beach, CA. Nov 2-5.


Progress 01/01/13 to 09/30/13

Outputs
Target Audience: The target audience for this research were NRCS professionals, natural resource managemers, farmers and ranchers, soil scientists, teachers and faculty members, undergraduate and graduate students, policy and decision makers, land assessors, rural real estate brokers, and county and state extension specialists. Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided? During 2013 two graduate research assistantships were initiated and students were trained in field sampling and experimental design, soil desciption, soil analyses, and data interpretation. Four undergraduate students were givien training in various soil analyses. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest? Yes, 4 journal artilces in refereed journals, 1 presentation at national meetings, and 2 teaching books were published. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals? I plan to continue soil salinity work and publications indicated in the progress report and in the initial proposal.

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? During 2013 this project assisted the USDA-NRCS with the SD Cooperative Soil Survey in updating SD soil surveys. More than 120 different soil samples were characterized for NRCS and SDSU research projects. Information was used to update and modify state and federal soil databases and to assist ongoing Major Land resource Area (MLRA) soil survey updates. Data mining of soil characterization and laboratory data from theses, dissertations, research reports, published papers, and unpublished research files is continuing. New profile descriptions and lab characterization files (including series name and GPS information) were added to SDSU soil series files and more than 2700 have been electronically inventoried. Initiated a new project on soil salinity and drainage in north central SD. More than 1200 soil samples were taken and detailed chemical analyses for pH, SAR, EC, and gypsum are being run. The impact of drainage and soil amendments on soil health and salinity are being assessed so determine high risk areas. Soil productivity ratings for soil mapping units for selected SD counties (Miner, Davison, Custer-Pennington Prairie Parts, Davison, Brown, Charles Mix, Beadle, Brule-Buffalo, Jones, Perkins, Roberts, and Union) are being updated with publications being prepared. These ratings are used by the SD Department of Revenue, appraisers, farmers, bankers, ranchers, and natural resource managers. Updated palatability index values for plants found in SD rangelands used in soil productivity rating calculations. Updated methodology to calculate forage productivity values for every ecological site found in each county based on species palatability index values and percent composition. Continued work on impacts of biochar additions on soil quality and nutrient release and sorption with four papers published.Continued revision of the soil classification key for SD soils and developing a template for a series of benchmark soils publications for NCERA-3. Developed publication describing iron chlorosis and the use of Web Soil Survey for soybean production.

Publications

  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2013 Citation: Chintala, R., Mollinedo, J., Schumacher, T.E., Malo, D.D., and Julson, J.L. 2013. Effect of Biochars on Chemical Properties of Acidic Soil. Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science. DOl: 10.1080/03650340.2013.789870. Available at: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/03650340.2013.789870.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2013 Citation: Chintala, R., Mollinedo, J., Schumacher, T.E., Malo, D.D., Papiernik, S., Clay, D.E., Kumar, S., and Gulbrandson, D.W. 2013. Nitrate Sorption and Desorption by Biochars Produced from Microwave Pyrolysis. Microporous and Mesoporous Materials 179: 250-257.
  • Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2013 Citation: Chintala, R., Schumacher,T.E., McDonald, L.M., Clay, D.E., Malo, D.D., Clay, S.A., Papiernik, S.K., and Julson, J.L. 2013. Phosphorus Sorption and Availability in Biochars and Soil Biochar Mixtures. CLEAN-Soil Air Water 41(9999) 1-9.
  • Type: Book Chapters Status: Published Year Published: 2013 Citation: Malo, D.D. 2013. Identifying Potential Iron Chlorosis Soils for Soybean Production. Chapter 19 In iGrow Soybeans: Best Management Practices for Soybean Production. Clay, D.E., Carlson, C.G., Clay, S.A., Wagner, L., Deneke, D., and Hay, C. (Editors) South Dakota State University. College of Agriculture and Biological Sciences. Brookings 57007. p137-166.
  • Type: Books Status: Published Year Published: 2013 Citation: Malo, D.D. 2013. Introductory Soils. 13th edition. Plant Science Department. College of Agriculture and Biological Sciences. South Dakota State University, Brookings 57007.
  • Type: Books Status: Published Year Published: 2013 Citation: Malo, D.D., Reese, C.L., and Clay, D.E. 2013. Introductory Soil Science Manual. 45th Edition. Plant Science Department, College of Agriculture and Biological Sciences. South Dakota State University, Brookings 57007.
  • Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Published Year Published: 2013 Citation: Kharel, T.P., Clay, D.E., DeSutter, T.M., Malo, D.D., and Reese, C.L. 2013. Soil Chemical Treatment Impact on Na Leaching in Northern Great Plains Sodium Affected Soils. ASA National Meeting, November 5, Tampa, Florida.


Progress 01/01/12 to 12/31/12

Outputs
OUTPUTS: During 2012 this project assisted the USDA-NRCS with the SD Cooperative Soil Survey in updating SD soil surveys. More than 100 different soil samples were characterized for NRCS and SDSU research projects. Information was used to update and modify state and federal soil databases and to assist ongoing Major Land resource Area (MLRA) soil survey updates. Data mining of soil characterization and laboratory data from theses, dissertations, research reports, published papers, and unpublished research files is continuing. New profile descriptions and lab characterization files (including series name and GPS information) were added to SDSU soil series files and more than 2600 have been electronically inventoried. Soil productivity ratings for soil mapping units in one SD counties (Lake) were published (using new methods). These ratings are used by the SD Department of Revenue, appraisers, farmers, bankers, ranchers, and natural resource managers. Other counties initiated were Miner, Davison, Custer-Pennington Prairie Parts, Davison, Brown, Charles Mix, Beadle, Brule-Buffalo, Jones, Perkins, Roberts, and Union. Updated palatability index values for more than 150 plants found in SD rangelands used in soil productivity rating calculations. Updated methodology to calculate forage productivity values for every ecological site found in each county based on species palatability index values and percent composition. Completed work on biochar analysis optimizing oxygen levels for carbon and nitrogen determinations in biochar materials. Initiated a revision of the soil classification key for SD soils and developing a template for a series of benchmark soils publications for NCERA-3. Developed publications describing the use of Web Soil Survey for the wheat and soybean best management production manuals. PARTICIPANTS: Thomas Schumacher, Rajesh Chintala, Ron Gelderman, Howard Woodard, David Clay, Gregg Carlson, Sharon Clay, and USDA-NRCS staff from SD all assisted with this project. The named scientists are from SDSU Plant Science Department and are collaborators on research grants associated with this project. TARGET AUDIENCES: SD Dept of Revenue; Farmers; Ag Assessors; Bankers; Ranchers; Natural Resource Managers PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Nothing significant to report during this reporting period.

Impacts
This project assists decision makers by providing current, easily available soils data in a variety of user friendly sources (Internet to hardcopy). Existing and new data sources are being converted to electronic formats to allow for even greater utilization by resource managers for appropriate landuse and soil resource decisions that are economically and environmentally sustainable.

Publications

  • Lindbo, D.L., Malo, D.D., and Robinson, C. 2012. Chapter 5 Soil Classification, Soil Survey, and Interpretations of Soil. In Know Soils: Know Life. Ed. D.L. Lindbo, D. A. Kozlowski, and C. Robinson. Soil Science Society of America. 5585 Guilford Road, Madison, WI 53711-5801. ISBN:978-0-89118-954-1.
  • Malo, D.D. 2012. Online Web Soil Survey(WSS) Information. Chapter 18 In iGrow Wheat. Ed. Clay, D.E., Carlson, C.G., and Dalsted, K. SDSU, College of Agriculture and Biological Sciences Box 2208, Brookings, SD.
  • Malo, D.D., Reese, C.L. and Clay, D.E. 2012. Soils Laboratory Manual (42nd Edition). Plant Science Department. South Dakota State University. Brookings 57007-2141.
  • Chintala, R., Clay, D.E., Schumacher, T.E., Malo, D.D., and Julson, J.L. 2012. Optimization of Oxygen parameters for analyzing carbon and nitrogen in biochar materials. Analytical Letters 46(3). Available from: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00032719.2012.721103.
  • Schumacher, T., R. Chintala, J. Julson, L. Wei, D. Malo, D. Clay, R. Gelderman, and S. Papiernik. 2012. Physical and chemical characterization of biochars from fast pyrolysis of three biomass feedstocks. ASA National Meeting, October 24, Cincinnati Ohio.


Progress 01/01/11 to 12/31/11

Outputs
OUTPUTS: During 2011 this project assisted the USDA-NRCS with the SD Cooperative Soil Survey in updating SD soil surveys. More than 150 different soil samples were characterized for NRCS and SDSU research projects. Information was used to update and modify state and federal soil databases and to assist ongoing Major Land resource Area (MLRA) soil survey updates. Data mining of soil characterization and laboratory data from theses, dissertations, research reports, published papers, and unpublished research files is continuing. More than 200 new profile descriptions and lab characterization files (including series name and GPS information) were added to SDSU soil series files and more than 2500 have been electronically inventoried. Soil productivity ratings for soil mapping units in two SD counties (Moody and Lake) were published (using new methods). These ratings are used by the SD Department of Revenue, appraisers, farmers, bankers, ranchers, and natural resource managers. Other counties initiated were Miner, Davison, Custer-Pennington Prairie Parts, Davison, Brown, Charles Mix, Beadle, Brule-Buffalo, Jones, Perkins, Roberts, and Union. Developed palatability index values for more than 150 plants found in SD rangelands used in soil productivity rating calculations. Developed methodology to calculate forage productivity values for every ecological site found in each county based on species palatability index values and percent composition. Initiated a revision of the soil classification key for SD soils and developing a template for a series of benchmark soils publications for NCERA-3. Developed an on-line publication describing the use of Web Soil Survey. PARTICIPANTS: Not relevant to this project. TARGET AUDIENCES: This project provides technical assistance to the cooperative soil survey program in SD and region. Research results from this project are improving the quality and quantity of soil mapping and soil interpretations for management and sustainability of the soil resources. Users of soils information utilize research results from this project to make sustainable and environmentally sound soil and resource utilization decisions. PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Not relevant to this project.

Impacts
This project assists decision makers by providing current, easily available soils data in a variety of user friendly sources (Internet to hardcopy). Existing and new data sources are being converted to electronic formats to allow for even greater utilization by resource managers for appropriate landuse and soil resource decisions that are economically and environmentally sustainable.

Publications

  • Malo, D.D. 2011. Soil Productivity Ratings and Estimated Yields for Moody County, South Dakota. TB101. South Dakota Agricultural Experiment Station. Plant Science Department. College of Agriculture and Biological Sciences. South Dakota State University. Brookings. 57007-2141. Available online at http://pubstorage.sdstate.edu/AgBio_Publications/articles/TB101.pdf (verified January 7, 2012).
  • Malo, D.D. 2012. Online Web Soil Survey(WSS) Information. Chapter 18 in IGrow Agronomy. Wheat. SDSU Extension Service. Brookings, SD. Available (2012) online at http://igrow.org/agronomy/wheat (in press, site verified January 9, 2012).
  • Malo, D.D., Clay, D.E., and Reese, C.L. 2012. Soils Laboratory Manual (41st Edition). Plant Science Department. South Dakota State University. Brookings 57007-2141.
  • Malo, D.D. 2011. Region V Collegiate Soil Judging Handbook. Plant Science Pamphlet 46. Plant Science Department. College of Agriculture and Biological Sciences. South Dakota State University. Brookings 57007-2141.
  • Malo, D.D. and Smart, A.J. 2011. Soil Productivity Ratings and Estimated Yields for Lake County, South Dakota. IGrow Agronomy. SDSU Extension Service. Brookings, SD. Available (2012) online at http://igrow.org/agronomy/ (in press, site verified January 9, 2012).