Progress 07/01/12 to 06/30/17

Outputs
Target Audience:Managers of protected areas, scientific community, outdoor professionals (i.e., guides and outfitters) Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?The project activities were staffed by a total of three Ph.D. students and two MS students who are all either currently employed or emerging professionals. During the summer field season, the project employed two or three undergraduate students in a field technician capacity. In addition to gaining scientific skills, these experiences allowed both the graduate and undergraduate students to work closely with park managers, a valuable experience for students interested in working in this capacity in the future. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Dissemination efforts on the project focused on publishing peer-reviewed journal articles, project reports (i.e., agency reports) regular meetings with park managers, and in the case of the work in Grand Teton National Park, two public forums. A total of ten scientific papers were published with another four articles submitted and currently under review. In additional to standard journal sources, manuscripts from the final versions of these papers and agency reports have been made available on USU's Digital Commons website and on agency websites where appropriate. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?This project ended 2017 and as such no plan of work on the project is included here.

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? The following are significant accomplishments on this project. Objective 1: "Wildland Recreation, Ecology and Management, 3rd ed." by John Wiley and Sons, Inc. was published in April 2015. This text is the premier synthesis of recreation ecology knowledge and serves as both a graduate/undergraduate course text and a long-term reference for professionals. The text includes both new synthesis work performed on the project and references to papers and reports produced on the project. The synthesis work performed is a change in knowledge and a more accessible presentation of overall knowledge in the field that will inform management of parks and protected areas worldwide. A meta analysis of ecological impacts of park transportation services was produced on the project and published in the Journal of Transport Geography. This paper is the first and only synthesis of this information and provides some important principles to guide park managers concerned with developing sustainable transportation strategies--a major emphasis in contemporary visitor management. This accomplishment will lead to changes in management actions that will yield improved conditions in parks employing transit strategies. For example, a key conclusion of this analysis is that numerous studies have noted altered spatial and temporal distributions of visitors when parks shift from auto to transit-based delivery of people to destinations. This finding suggests alterations in ecological disturbance as a result. A significant advancement in recreation ecology knowledge was accomplished in 2013 with the publication of the "Recent advances in recreation ecology and the implications of different relationships between recreation use and ecological impacts" paper in Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment. This paper proposed new models of the recreation disturbance-impact relationship for various ecosystem responses, based on an analysis and synthesis of available vegetation, soil and wildlife data. These relationships will form a theoretical basis for future research in the field. Objective 2 This project has made significant accomplishments in field assessment and analysis techniques incorporating the latest in GPS, GIS and computer image analysis. This has been particularly evident in several projects in Rocky Mountain National Park where we have employed GPS technology in the determination of visitor use patterns and behaviors on Longs Peak, Twin Sisters Mountain and in riparian areas of high visitor use throughout the Park. An important outcome of this work is the development of a more targeted management strategy in the Park that addresses visitor needs, crowding issues and safety concerns. A specific finding in this project was that visitor patterns are not uniform and "choke points" exist that require focused management since these locations may be problematic from a visitor safety and experience standpoint. Another major management change was the initiation of a vehicle diversion under period of high visitor use, to direct visitors away from crowded locations. This is exemplary of a major focus of the overall project in providing information that allows parks to develop management efficiencies such as reduced staff time and more effective field actions. Objectives 3 and 4 A multi-year effort on the project focused on addressing objectives 3 and 4 in Grand Teton National Park. This project was initiated during the summer of 2013, fieldwork was completed in 2014 and analysis, synthesis and reporting continued through 2016. A key impact of this work was realized in 2016 with the release of the approved Record of Decision for Grand Teton National Park's Moose-Wilson Corridor Final Comprehensive Management Plan/Environmental Impact Statement (Final Plan/EIS). The Record of Decision marks completion of the planning phase of the project, which began in December 2013 and will be implemented beginning in the spring of 2018. The decision document can be viewed at go.nps.gov/moose-wilson. Findings on the project (which spanned multiple years) suggested major changes in the spatial and temporal aspects and intensity of visitor use in the study area from when initial baseline data was collected in 2008. The trajectory of these changes was the primary basis for many of the planning decisions in the final Plan/EIS.

Publications

• Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2012 Citation: D'Antonio, A., Monz, C., Newman, P., Lawson, S., Taff, D. (2012). The Effects of Local Ecological Knowledge, Minimum-Impact Knowledge, and Prior Experience on Visitor Perceptions of the Ecological Impacts of Backcountry Recreation. Environmental Management, 50(Issue 4), 542-554
• Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2012 Citation: Monz, C., Marion, J., Reed, J. (2012). Informal Trail Monitoring In The Atigun Gorge Area Of The Arctic National Wildlife Refuge.
• Type: Other Status: Published Year Published: 2012 Citation: Monz, C., D'Antonio, A., Newburger, T. (2012). Yosemite National Park Meadow Environments Visitor Tracking Study
• Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2013 Citation: D'Antonio, A. (Presenter & Author), Monz, C. (Author Only), George Wright Society, "Understanding Visitor. Perceptions of Recreation Re- source Impacts: A Comparison of. Climber and Hiker Perceptions." (March 11, 2013 - March 15, 2013)
• Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2012 Citation: Monz, C., "Recreation Ecology Research in Grand Teton National Park." (December 3, 2012)
• Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2012 Citation: Monz, C., "Visitor Management Research in Glacier Bay National Park." (June 14, 2012)

Progress 10/01/15 to 09/30/16

Outputs
Target Audience:Target Audience Managers of protected areas, scientific community, outdoor professionals (i.e., guides and outfitters). Changes/Problems:Changes/Problems None are needed at this time What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Opportunities The project currently is staffed by one Ph.D. student and one MS student who will become future professionals in this field. These students work closely with the Project PI in all phases of work. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Dissemination Dissemination efforts on the project focused on publishing peer-reviewed journal articles in 2016. A total of five papers were published with another six articles submitted and currently under review. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?Plan of Work This project will be ending in 2017 and as such no plan of work on the project is included here.

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? Accomplishments Work on the project over this past year focused on objectives 3 and 4 and three significant accomplishments are noted: 1)A significant effort was made to conduct a meta-analysis of spatial data sets collected on the project to better understand the landscape level disturbance patterns resulting from wildland recreation. This effort culminated in the completion of a manuscript submitted to the journal Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment in 2016. Previous work on the project has suggested that contemporary management models may be either over or under estimating the degree of potential impact as a result of recreation use. This current accomplishment builds on these findings and demonstrates a range of analysis techniques that will lead to changes in how recreation disturbance is measured and managed and has the potential to yield improved conditions for both people and natural resources in parks. For example, a key conclusion of this analysis is that current levels of data on recreation disturbance are overly site specific and lack sufficient detail to manage recreation at a landscape scale. 2) As noted in past reports, this project continues to advance field and analysis techniques in GPS assessment of recreation use and disturbance. This has been operationalized this year by a detailed analysis of data from tracking visitor use patterns that we measured in multiple national parks for two manuscripts submitted to the journal Applied Geography. This accomplish adds empirical evidence to hypotheses suggested by earlier work that visitors typically exhibit predictable patterns of spatial behavior in unconfined recreation settings. We demonstrated this using multivariate analysis to examine a spatial data set and found three distinct types of behaviors- a "wandering" behavior, a focus on wildlife viewing and a focus on hiking behavior. This finding suggests that management in this location and in parks in general can be focused on maintaining specific access for certain visitor motivations, and these motivations have spatial implications. This can result in parks providing more targeted information for these activities that directs visitors to the most desirable locations. 3) Work concluded this past year on a multi-year significant research grant ($380,000) in Grand Teton National Park. This project was initiated during the summer of 2013, fieldwork was completed in 2014 and analysis, synthesis and reporting continued in 2016. A key impact of this work was realized in 2016 with the release of the approved Record of Decision for Grand Teton National Park's Moose-Wilson Corridor Final Comprehensive Management Plan/Environmental Impact Statement (Final Plan/EIS). The Record of Decision marks completion of the planning phase of the project, which began in December 2013 and will be implemented beginning in the spring of 2017. The decision document can be viewed at go.nps.gov/moose-wilson. Findings on the project (which spanned multiple years) suggested major changes in the spatial and temporal aspects and intensity of visitor use in the study area from when initial baseline data was collected in 2008. The trajectory of these changes was the primary basis for many of the planning decisions in the final Plan/EIS.

Publications

• Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2016 Citation: D'Antonio, A., Monz, C. (2016). The influence of visitor use levels on visitor spatial behavior in off-trail areas of dispersed recreation use. Journal of Environmental Management, 170, 79-87
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2016 Citation: DAntonio, A., Monz, C., Larson, D., Rohman, A. (2016). An application of recreation resource assessment techniques to inform management action in an urban-proximate natural area. Journal of Outdoor Recreation and Tourism-In review, 14, 12-21.
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2016 Citation: Lawson, S., Newman, P., Monz, C. (2016). A Systems-based Approach to Address Unintended Consequences of Demand-driven Transportation Planning in National Parks and Public Lands. International Journal of Sustainable Transportation-In review. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15568318.2016.1194504

Progress 10/01/14 to 09/30/15

Outputs
Target Audience:Target Audience Managers of protected areas, scientific community, outdoor professionals (i.e., guides and outfitters). Changes/Problems:Changes/Problems No changes in the project are needed at this time. What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided?Opportunities The project currently is staffed with one Post-Doctoral Fellow, one Ph.D. student and one MS student who will become future professionals in this field. These students work closely with the Project PI in all phases of work. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest?Dissemination A key impacts of this work in 2015 was a presentation of findings on several aspects of the project at two professional conferences: The Science for Parks, Parks for Science: The Next Century Conference (Berkeley, CA, March 2015) and The George Wright Society Conference (Oakland, CA, April 2015). Two other presentations to park managers were held in Grand Teton National Park (June 2015) and Rocky Mountain National Park (December 2015) to discuss the implications of these research findings to park managers who will use and benefit from this work. The project also produced one text book and 6 journal articles in 2015. Four of the journal articles were accepted in 2015 and are being published in management oriented journals that circulate among practitioners and fellow researchers. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals?Plan of Work During the next reporting period the project will focus on Objectives 3 and 4 by accomplishing the following: 1) Using data collected on the Grand Teton Project several analyses will examine the spatial implications of visitor use and associated human dimensions and ecological implications. This project has collected a wealth of data that is highly innovative because the social science data was collected in concert with an examination of visitor spatial behaviors. This coming year will focus on understanding how visitor characteristics (motivations, park knowledge, goals) may be drivers of spatial behavior in this park setting. This work will be in partial fulfillment of Objectives 3 and 4 on the project. 2) Continue fieldwork and data collection in Rocky Mountain National Park (if funding is secured) to develop a new method of determining the location, extent, timing and intensity of visitor crowding on Longs Peak. This work has numerous implications for visitor experience and safety management on this iconic destination, which receives over 20,000 visitors per year. This will also be in partial fulfillment of Objectives 3 and 4.

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? Accomplishments Three significant accomplishments are noted in this past year's work on the project. 1) The first accomplishments in partial fulfillment of project objective 1: Initially slated for publication in 2014 "Wildland Recreation, Ecology and Management, 3rd ed." by John Wiley and Sons, Inc. was published in April 2015. This text is the premier synthesis of recreation ecology knowledge and serves as both a course text and a long-term reference. The text includes both new synthesis work performed on the project and references to papers and reports produced on the project. The synthesis work performed is a change in knowledge that will inform management of parks and protected areas worldwide. A second accomplishment under this objective was the publication of a meta analysis of ecological impacts of park transportation services in the Journal of Transport Geography. This paper is the first synthesis of this information and provides some important principles to guide park managers concerned with developing sustainable transportation strategies. This accomplishment will lead to changes in management actions that will yield improved conditions in parks employing transit strategies. For example, a key conclusion of this analysis is that numerous studies have noted altered spatial and temporal distributions of visitors when parks shift from auto to transit-based delivery of people to destinations. This finding suggests alterations in ecological disturbance as a result. 2) The second accomplishment is in partial fulfillment of project objective 2: As noted in past reports, this project continues to advance field and analysis techniques incorporating the latest in GPS, GIS and computer image analysis. This has been operationalized this year in work in Rocky Mountain National Park where we have employed GPS technology in the determination of visitor use patterns and behaviors on Longs Peak, an iconic destination for backcountry visitors. An important outcome of this work will be the development of an overall "visitor capacity" on Longs Peak and a more targeted management strategy that addresses visitor needs, crowding issues and safety concerns. A specific finding in this project was that visitor patterns are not uniform and "choke points" exist that may be problematic from a visitor safety and experience standpoint. This is exemplary of a major focus of the overall projects in providing information that allows parks to develop management efficiencies such as reduced staff time and more effective field actions. 3) The third accomplishment includes aspects of both project objectives 3 and 4: Work continued this past year on a- multi-year significant research grant ($380,000) in Grand Teton National Park. This project was initiated during the summer of 2013, fieldwork was completed in 2014 and analysis, synthesis and reporting continued in 2015. A key impact of this work has been to provide a basis for the development of a substantial park planning process that will guide management and facility planning for the foreseeable future in the park. Findings suggest major changes in the spatial and temporal aspects and intensity of visitor use in the study locations in Grand Teton the NPS last collected data in 2008. For example, our study identified that traffic and pedestrian flow in the study area are frequently limited by "wildlife jams"--situations where visitors stop and park at random locations in order to view wildlife. The ecological and visitor experience implications of these events is currently unknown.

Publications

Progress 10/01/13 to 09/30/14

Outputs
Target Audience: Target Audience Managers of protected areas, scientific community, outdoor professionals (i.e., guides and outfitters). Changes/Problems: Changes/Problems No changes to the project are needed at this time. What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided? Opportunities The project currently is staffed with three Ph.D. students and one MS student who will become future professionals in this field. These students work closely with the Project PI in all phases of work. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest? Dissemination A key impact of the first year's work was a presentation of findings to the National Park Service, the Wyoming Congressional delegation and local constituents the past this past July, the second of such presentations on the project. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals? Plan of Work During the next reporting period the project will accomplish the following: 1) Complete work on Objective 2 by publishing a paper in an appropriate peer-reviewed journal that is a meta analysis of monitoring data across multiple data sets and environments. This paper will be submitted by January 2015. 2) Continue field work and data collection on the Grand Teton Project in partial fulfillment of Objectives 3 and 4. This project will consume most of the project staff for the summer and fall of 2014, with data analysis and synthesis work continuing through 2015. 3) Present results and publish a paper on data collected in 2013 and 2014 examining visitor behaviors of and associated potential resource impacts across multiple park settings. This work was conducted in Acadia National Park, Grand Teton National Park and Yosemite National Park. This work is in partial fulfillment of Objective 3.

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? Accomplishments Three significant accomplishments are noted in this past year's work on the project. 1) The first accomplishment is in partial fulfillment of project objective 1: A significant advancement in recreation ecology knowledge was accomplished in 2014 with the publication of the textbook, "Wildland Recreation, Ecology and Management, 3rd ed." by John Wiley and Sons, Inc. This text is the premier synthesis of recreation ecology knowledge and will serve as both a course text and a long term reference. The book is invaluable for both researchers and practitioners and presents clear insights as to fundamental theories and field methods. 2) The second accomplishment is in partial fulfillment of project objective 2: This project continues to advance field and analysis techniques incorporating the latest in GPS, GIS and computer image analysis. This has been exemplified this year in the Acadia National Park project where we have employed GPS technology in the determination of visitor use patterns and behaviors. This is an advancement that has improved accuracy by removing observer/measurement bias and has increasing field efficiency, thus saving staff time and park financial resources. An important outcome of this overall project will be an optimization of park management efforts, thus reducing management expenses and enhancing resource protection. Efforts on future research projects will seek to realize similar efficiencies in other important park and protected area locations. 3) The third accomplishment includes aspects of both project objectives 3 and 4: Work continues on a- multi year significant research grant ($380,000) in Grand Teton National Park. This project was initiated during the summer of 2013, and field work has continued throughout 2014. Although analysis of all data data is ongoing, a key impact of the first year's work was a presentation of findings to the National Park Service, the Wyoming Congressional delegation and local constituents the past this past July, the second of such presentations on the project. Findings suggest major shifts in visitor use in the study locations in Grand Teton the NPS last collected data in 2008. These data are informing an extensive planning process that will likely yield a major change in park management in the Moose- Wilson corridor in the Park.

Publications

• Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2014 Citation: Manning, R., Lawson, S., Newman, P., Halo, J., Monz, C. (2014). Principles of Sustainable Transportation in the National Parks. The George Wright Forum, 31(3), 345-358.
• Type: Other Status: Other Year Published: 2014 Citation: Monz, C., D'Antonio, A., Heaslip, K. (2014). An Assessment of Winter Use in the Moose Wilson Road Corridor of Grand Teton National Park.

Progress 01/01/13 to 09/30/13

Outputs
Target Audience: Managers of protected areas, scientific community, outdoor professionals (i.e., guides and outfitters). Changes/Problems: Nothing Reported What opportunities for training and professional development has the project provided? The project currently is staffed with three Ph.D. students who will become future professionals in this field. These students work closely with the Project PI in all phases of work. How have the results been disseminated to communities of interest? The project disseminates results to the identified audiences via the circulation of research reports and scientific papers. The project PI is also currently co-authoring two important textbooks in the field of ecological aspects of wildland recreation and specific chapters in these books have been well informed by project results. What do you plan to do during the next reporting period to accomplish the goals? During the next reporting period the project will accomplish the following: 1) Complete work on Objective 2 by publishing a paper in an appropriate peer-reviewed journal that is a metal analysis of monitoring data across multiple data sets and environments. 2) Continue field work and data collection on the Grand Teton Project in partial fulfillment of Objectives 3 and 4. This project will consume most of the project staff for the summer and fall of 2014. 3) Present results and publish paper on data collected in 2013 examining visitor perceptions of resource and managerial conditions and their associated behaviors. This work was conducted in Acadia National Park during the summer of 2013 and is in partial fulfillment of Objective 3.

Impacts
What was accomplished under these goals? Three significant accomplishments are noted in this past year's work on the project. 1) The first accomplishment is in partial fulfillment of project objective 1: A significant advancement in recreation ecology knowledge was accomplished in 2013 with the publication of the "Recent Advances..." paper in Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment. This paper proposed new models of the recreation disturbance-impact relationship for various ecosystem responses. These relationships will form a theoretical basis for future research in the field. 2) The second accomplishment is in partial fulfillment of project objective 2: This project developed new field assessment methodologies more sensitive to issues of spatial scale, and advancing techniques incorporating the latest in GPS, GIS and computer image analysis. This advancement has improved accuracy by removing observer bias and increasing field efficiency, thus saving staff time and park financial resources. An important outcome of this work is the resulting annual financial savings to the parks which in the case of Glacier Bay National Park, estimated to be approximately $15,000-$20,000 per year for several years. Results from this efforts was reported in a NPS NRT report submitted for publication. Efforts on future research projects will seek to realize similar efficiencies in other important park and protected area locations. 3) The third accomplishment includes aspects of both project objectives 3 and 4: The project PI was granted a significant research grant ($380,000) to conduct 3 years of work in Grand Teton National Park. This project was initiated during the summer of 2013 and will conduct work in partial fulfillment of objectives 3 and 4. Although analysis of preliminary data is ongoing, a key impact of the first year's work was a presentation of findings to the National Park Service, the Wyoming Congressional delegation and local constituents the past October. These findings and our work, once completed, will inform a major change in park management in the Moose- Wilson corridor in the Park.

Publications

• Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2013 Citation: D'Antonio, A., Monz, C., Newman, P., Lawson, S., Taff, D. (2013). Enhancing the utility of visitor impact assessment in parks and protected areas: A combined social-ecological approach. Journal of Environmental Management, 124, 72-81.
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2013 Citation: Lawhon, B., Newman, P., Taff, D., Vaske, J., Steve, L., Monz, C. (2013). Factors Influencing Behavioral Intentions for Leave No Trace Behavior in National Parks. Journal of Interpretation Research, 18(1), 23-38.
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2013 Citation: Monz, C., Pickering, C. M., Hadwen, W. (2013). Recent advances in recreation ecology and the implications of different relationships between recreation use and ecological impacts. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, 11(8), 441-446.
• Type: Journal Articles Status: Published Year Published: 2013 Citation: Taff, D., Newman, P., Pettebone, D., White, D., Lawson, S., Monz, C., Vagias, W. (2013). Dimensions of Alternative Transportation Experience in Yosemite and Rocky Mountain National Parks. Journal of Transport Geography, 30, 37-46.
• Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2013 Citation: Monz, C., D'Antonio, A., Heaslip, K., Grand Teton National Park MWC Planning Meetring, "Assessing visitor movements and resource impacts in the MWC of Grand Teton National Park." (October 4, 2013 - October 6, 2013)
• Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2013 Citation: Monz, C. (Presenter & Author), George Wright Society, "Natural Resource Conse- quences of Park Transportation System Delivery: An Example From Rocky Mountain National Park." (March 11, 2013 - March 15, 2013)
• Type: Conference Papers and Presentations Status: Other Year Published: 2013 Citation: D'Antonio, A. (Presenter & Author), Monz, C. (Author Only), George Wright Society, "Understanding Visitor. Perceptions of Recreation Re- source Impacts: A Comparison of. Climber and Hiker Perceptions." (March 11, 2013 - March 15, 2013

Progress 01/01/12 to 12/31/12

Outputs
OUTPUTS: "1) Completed the development of new survey assessment protocols for visitor perceptions of resource conditions Kenai Fjords National Park and Denali National Park, Alaska and collected visitor survey data. This work took place during the August of 2012 and was the third and final year of fieldwork on this study. Final results will be presented at the George Wright Society meetings in March 2013. 2) Received extramural funding to expand the project to Glacier Bay National Park, Alaska where we examined visitor use, distribution and related resource impacts. 3) Received extramural funding to expand the project to the Arapaho-Roosevelt National Forest (Colorado) where we are examining visitor impacts and visitor use at Brainard Lake, Mount Evans, and Mount Bierstat. 4) Hosted workshops on visitor management research approaches and applications in parks at Grand Teton National Park (December 2012) and Glacier Bay National Park (July 2012). 5) Completed data collection and analysis on the Yosemite and Colorado Projects and final report preparation" PARTICIPANTS: "University of Vermont- Dr. Robert Manning Colorado State University- Dr. Peter Newman Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University- Dr. Jeffrey Marion North Carolina State University-Dr. Yu-Fai Leung Alaska Pacific University- Prof. Paul Twardock Aldo Leopold Research Institute, US Forest Service- Dr. David Cole National Park Service, Kenai Fjords National Park- Laura Philips Glacier Bay National Park- Barbra Bruno Graduate Students- Ashley D'Antonio and Kelly Goonan" TARGET AUDIENCES: Target audiences from this project are academic and agency professionals engaged in the management of outdoor recreation in parks and on public lands. Examples include National Park Service resource protection and management staff; Forest Service and Bureau of Land Management recreation planners; academic researchers in natural resource recreation management or parks and recreation fields. PROJECT MODIFICATIONS: Nothing significant to report during this reporting period.

Impacts
There are no outcomes to report given the early stage of the project.

Publications

• Monz, C., D'Antonio, A. (2012). Yosemite National Park Trampling Study..
• Taff, D., Newman, P., Pettebone, D., White, D., Lawson, S., Monz, C., & Vagias, W. 2012. Dimensions of Alternative Transportation Experience in Yosemite and Rocky Mountain National Parks: Journal of Transport Geography. (Accepted).
• D'Antonio, A., Monz, C., Newman, P., Lawson, S., & Taff, D., (2012). The Effects of Local Ecological Knowledge, Minimum-Impact Knowledge, and Prior Experience on Visitor Perceptions of the Ecological Impacts of Backcountry Recreation: Environmental Management, 50(Issue 4): 542-554. (Published).
• Monz, C., Marion, J., Reed, J. (2012). Informal Trail Monitoring In The Atigun Gorge Area Of The Arctic National Wildlife Refuge..
• Monz, C., D'Antonio, A., Newburger, T. (2012). Yosemite National Park Meadow Environments Visitor Tracking Study..
• Goren, J., & Monz, C., (2012). Monitoring Vegetation Changes in Historical Photos over a 45+ Year Period in the Adirondack Alpine Zone: Adirondack Journal of Environmental Studies, 17.